The axial age in world history / Shmuel N. Eisenstadt

Judeo-Christian tradition / Wolfgang Huber

The Greco-Roman tradition / Christian Meier

How Europe became diverse : on the medieval roots of the plurality of values / Michael Borgolte

Freedom, slavery, and the modern construction of rights / Orlando Patterson

The value of introspection / Kurt Flasch

Rationality

a specifically European characteristic? / Wolfgang Schluchter

The affirmation of ordinary life / Wolfgang Reinhard

Inner nature and social normativity : the idea of self-realization / Christophe Menke

The status of the Enlightenment in German history / Reinhart Koselleck

The dark continent

Europe and totalitarianism / Mark Mazower

Value change in Europe from the perspective of empirical social research / Helmut Thome

The realities of cultural struggles / Dieter Senghaas

The contest of values : notes on contemporary Islamic discourse / Gudrun Kramer

Does Europe have a cultural identity? / Peter Wagner.