1. Realism and the novel: the eighteenth-century beginnings. Realism and the middle classes
Fiction and history: the memoir-novel
Fielding: Tom Jones. 2. Realism in the Age of Romanticism. Walter Scott and the French
Balzac, Stendhal, and the historical perspective
The lower classes in Stendhal and Balzac
Residual Romanticism in Stendhal
Residual Romanticism in Balzac. 3. Realism in Russia, to the death of Dostoyevsky. Pushkin: Eugene Onegin
Lermontov: A Hero of our time
Dostoyevsky: the period of the masterpieces. 4. The Realist and Naturalists movements in France. The novel of social propaganda
Eugene Sue and the Roman-feuilleton
Edmond and Jules de Goncourt
Flaubert: L'education sentimentale
The doctrines of Naturalism
Zola: from Realism to Surealism
Guy de Maupassant. 5. Realism in German, from the death of Goethe. Realism and the 'Young Germans'
Naturalism. 6. Realism in Spain and Portugal. Costumbrismo
The realist novelist and the reading public
Perez Galdos: the novels of the first period
Other novelists of the 1870s
The novel in the 1880s (i) Galdos
The novel in the 1880s (ii) Pereda
The novel in the 1880s (iii) Alas
Realism in Portugal: the 'Generation of 1870'
Eca de Queiros. 7. Realism in Italy. Regionalism and Verismo
Luigi Capuana: From Verismo to Idealism
Giovanni Verga: from Verismo to Realism
Conclusion: the decline of Realism.
