Historical and conceptual background: practical reasoning in Aristotle, Hume, and Kant -- Aristotle on practical reasoning and the structure of action -- Deliberation -- The practical syllogism -- Weakness of will -- Practical and theoretical reasoning -- The explanation of action -- Intrinsically motivated action -- The structure of action -- The ultimate ground of action -- Conclusion -- Hume and the instrumentalist conception of practical reasoning -- The instrumental role of reason -- Reasoning as an element in the genesis of action -- Reasoning conceived as essentially comparative -- Reason, rational action, and moral judgment -- Weakness of will and Humean internalism -- Humean instrumentalism -- Conclusion -- Kant and the autonomy of practical reason -- Practical reason in the moral sphere -- Practical reasoning and intention in the application of the Categorical Imperative -- The motivational and normative power of reason -- Weakness of will and the conflict between reason and inclination -- The unity of practical and theoretical reason -- Conclusion -- Practical reasoning, practical arguments, and intentional action -- The varieties and basic elements of practical reasoning -- The diversity of practical reasoning -- Practical reasoning, practical argument, and means-end inference -- Conclusions of practical reasoning -- A cognitive-motivational conception of practical reasoning -- Some basic schemata for representing practical reasoning -- Practical and theoretical reasoning -- Practical reasoning and actions for reasons -- Practical reasoning and intentional action -- The range of intentional action -- The phenomenology of reasoning --
The phenomenology of reasoning
The reconstructive role of practical arguments
Inferentialism and the realization of practical arguments
Unconscious and self-deceptive elements in practical reasoning
Practical reasoning and reasoned action
Practical reasoning in the dynamics of action
The need for a dynamic account
Practical reasoning as a causative process
Perceptual and motivational triggers of action
Causality, lawlike connections, and intentional action
The dynamics of incontinence
Practical reasoning, ethical decision, and rational action
The assessment of practical reasoning
The range of criteria for appraising practical reasoning
Some patterns of practical reasoning
Criteria for assessing practical reasoning
A Kantian distinction generalized: basis in, vs. mere conformity with, practical reasoning
Some applications of the criteria of assessment
The defeasibility of practical reasoning
Combination and compositionality in practical reasoning
Rationality and relativity
General principles of practical appraisal
The normative power of moral reasons
A range of substantive principles of practical reason and practical reasoning
Three kinds of normative principle
Toward sound practical principles
Practical reasoning and moral judgment
Moral judgment and moral decision
A framework of moral principles
Moral principles as constituents in practical reasoning
Practical reasoning in ethical decisions
The status of moral principles
Sketch of a model for making difficult ethical decisions
Practical reason, ethical decision, and morally justified action
The rationality of action and the plurality of value
The connection between practical reasoning and rational action
Practical reasoning and rationalization
Reasoned action, action for reasons, and normative grounds
Aristotelian, Humean, and Kantian views of rational action
A pluralistic conception of rational action
