I. Early national period: 1776-1815. 1776: In the beginning / Silas Deane --
1780-1781: Prisoner in the tower / Henry Laurens --
1781: Wolf at the door / Benjamin Franklin --
1783: Establishing broad relations / Benjamin Franklin --
1783: Franklin on Peace / Benjamin Franklin --
1785: Thirteen ministers for thirteen states? / John Adams --
1785: John Adams meets George III: "An epoch in...history" / John Adams --
1786: Jefferson urges war against the Barbary States / Thomas Jefferson --
1786: Trade with China / Samuel Shaw --
1789-1794: The French Revolution / Gouverneur Morris, Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe --
1793: Helpf for American captives in Algiers: "Twelve cents a day" / David Humphreys --
1797: Bribery in Paris: The XYZ Affair / Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, et al. --
1798: Pirates in New Orleans / Daniel Clark Jr. --
1798: Naval tensions with Britain: American fleet captured off Havana / George C. Morton --
1801: Tripoli declares war: "Our flag-staff was chopped down" / James Leander Cathcart --
1802, 1810: Napoleon: "A spoilt child of fortune" / Robert R. Livingston, Jonathan Russell --
1803: Bargaining for Louisiana / Robert R. Livingston --
1803: Transfer of Louisiana / Daniel Clark Jr. --
1805: Napoleon victorious: "A very favorable" situation for the United States / James Monroe --
1806: The British move into Africa: The Cape of Good Hope / John Elmslie --
1808: Threatened by the Dey of Algiers / Tobias Lear --
1813: Napoleon's retreat from Moscow / John Quincy Adams --
1814: Treaty of Ghent signed / John Quincy Adams et al. --
1815: Waterloo / Henry Jackson.
II. Years of U.S. expansion: 1816-1860. 1818: Description of Oregon and California / John B. Prevost --
1819: Assisting an American seaman stranded in Bermuda / W.R. Higinbothom --
1820-1821: The acquisition of Florida / John Forsyth, Andrew Jackson --
1821: Surrender of Lima to San Martín: "South America...forever free" / Michael Hogan --
1821: Independence of Mexico / James Smith Wilcocks --
1824: Suppression of the slave trade / Richard Rush --
1824: Pirates of the Caribbean / Thomas Randall --
1827: Consular service on the western frontier: "The Indians stole my horses" / David Dickson --
1828-1829: The demise of greater Colombia / William Henry Harrison --
1830: The French in Algeria: "Fear and blood" / Henry Lee --
1830: France's July revolution: "One of the most wonderful...in the history of the world" / William G. Rives --
1831: Preserving the peace / Martin Van Buren --
1835: War in South Africa / Isaac Chase --
1838: Savegery in Tahiti: "Twelf wounds, five upon my head" / Jacob Antoine Moerenhaut --
1840: Prelude to the Opium War / Peter W. Snow --
1840: Napoleon's remains go home / William Carrol --
1842: "Texians" to arms as Mexicans invade / Joseph Eve --
1842: The French seize Tahiti / Samuel Blackler --
1843: Insurgents take Madrid / Washington Irving --
1843: Arabian horses for President Tyler / Richard P. Waters --
1846: The acquisition of New Mexico: "Our country has acquired without bloodshed a province" / Manuel Alvarez --
1847: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: Expanding the country without instructions / Nicholas P. Trist --
1848: Recognizing the republic of Venice / William A. Sparks --
1851: Gold and opportunity in Australia / James H. Williams --
1853: Guerrilla warware in Southeast Asia: The British in Burma / Charles Huffnagle --
1853: First visit to the interior of China / Humphrey Marshall --
1854: First attempt to annex Hawaii / David L. Gregg --
1854: The Ostend Manifesto / Pierre Soulé et al. --
1855: British ignorance of U.S. politics / James Buchanan --
1855: A consular case: "Assault with intent to commit murder" / Nathaniel Hawthorne --
1857: The Indian mutiny: "India is held by the sword" / Charles Huffnagle --
1858: Emancipation of the Russian serfs / Francis S. Claxton --
1858: Nicaragua: An incident en route to the capital / Mirabeau B. Lamar.
III. The Civil War era: 1861-1867. 1861: Reactions to the American Civil War / Charles J. Faulkner, George W. Morgan, John Appleton, George M. Dallas, William Preston, Joseph A. Wright, Thomas Corwin, John P. Brown --
1861: The death of Cavour, hero of the Italian unification / Romaine Dillon --
1862: Confederates chained in the consulate / James de Long --
1862: The Monitor and the Merrimac: A Swedish victory? / J.S. Haldeman --
1862: Bureaucratic mysteries in Japan / Robert H. Pruyn --
1862-1864: The Confederate raider Alabama / Charles Francis Adams, James E Harvey, Thomas Adamson Jr., Walter Graham, William L. Dayton --
1862: Foreign recruits / Charles Boernstein --
1862: A diplomatic blunder: Garibaldi and the Civil War / Theodore Canisius, William H. Seward --
1862: The Ottoman Empire: A public execution / Edward Joy Morris --
1862: China's first flag / Anson Burlingame --
1862: The Emancipation Proclamations: Turning the tide in Europe / James S. Pike --
1863: Turmoil in the Balkans / John Lothrop Motley --
1863: Japan: Legation destroyed, no fire insurance / Robert H. Pruyn --
1863: Discovery of the source of the Nile / William S. Thayer --
1864: Tunisia's tax revolt / Amos Perry --
1864: Progress in Russa / Cassius M. Clay --
1864: Karl Marx congratulates Abraham Lincoln / Charles Francis Adams --
1865: Lincoln assassinated / Abraham Hanson, S. Wells Williams --
1865: Pestilence and conflagration in Constantinople / Edward Joy Morris --
1865: Pope Pius IX comments on world affairs: "Anything but satisfactory" / Rufus King --
1866: The Fenian invasion of Canada / Freeman N. Blake --
1866: Insurrection in Spain: "My house was hit by one cannon ball" / John P. Hale --
1866: The Austro-Prussian War: Moving toward a German Empire / John Lothrop Motley --
1866: The continents united: The transatlantic cable / John Bigelow --
1866: Arresting a Lincoln conspirator / Charles Hale --
1867: The purchase of Alaska: "Seward's folly" / Cassius M. Clay --
1867: The saga of Maximilian / Marcus Otterbourg, E.L. Plumb.
IV. A period of U.S. isolation: 1868-1882. 1868: Eyewitness to a hara-kiri / Robert B. Van Valkenburgh --
1868: A grave robber in Korea / George F. Seward --
1868: Earthquake: "Ecuador is in ruins" / Alvin P. Hovey --
1871, 1874: Stanley and Livingstone / Francis R. Webb --
1871: A Prussian victory: "Paris seems...to have died" / Elihu B. Washburne --
1871: The Paris Commune / Elihu B. Washburne --
1871: Indian depredations: "Murdering and marauding savages" on the Mexican border / William Schuchardt --
1873: Earthquake in San Salvador: "A terrific reverberation, which baffles description" / Thomas Biddle --
1873: The Shah of Persia: "Studded allover with diamonds, rubies" / George Bancroft --
1873: Slaves for the harem: Helpless women and the eunuchs / George H. Boker --
1875: Anti-Jesuit riots in Argentina / Thomas O. Osborn --
1875: A court occasion in Athens: Dancing with the queen / John Meredith Read --
1875: Eyewitness to an attempted revolution in Bolivia: "A memorable day" / Robert M. Reynolds --
1877: Unearthing the arms of Venus de Milo / John Meredith Read --
1877: Freeing a slave in Egypt / Elbert E. Farman --
1877: Shooting at the moon in Constantinople: "A curious custom" / Horace Maynard --
1878: The royal court of Sapin: Pageantry and tragedy / James Russell Lowell --
1879: Cleopatra's needle: An obelisk for New York / Elbert E. Farman --
1879: A plague of grasshoppers in the Caucasus / Wickham Hoffman --
1879: Morocco: Inspiring terror among the rebels / Felix A. Mathews --
1879: The German-Austrian alliance / Andrew D. White --
1880-1886: French conquests in Africa / John Smyth, Levi P. Morton, Robert M. McLane --
1880-1881: Czar assassinated / Wickham Hoffman, John W. Foster --
1880: The consulate in Bangkok: In a "disgraceful condition" / John Singelton Mosby --
1881: Lima surrenders to Chilean forces / Isaac P. Christiancy --
1881: Immigration and epidemic in Hawaii / James M. Comly --
1881: Pogroin Russia: "More worthy of the Dark Ages than of the present century" / John W. Foster --
1881: A memorial for President Garfield / Lew Wallace.
V. The late nineteenth century: 1883-1897. 1883: The steamship Aurania: "The most remarkable ship that has ever been built" / Bret Harte --
1883: The Siamese royal elephant hunt / John A. Halderman --
1883: Eruption of Krakatau / Stewart Hatfield Jr. --
1883: Antiforeign riots in Canton: "An interesting day" / Charles Seymour --
1884: Early Vladivostok: "Caviar and vodka" / John A. Halderman --
1884: Accepting the Statue of Libert / Levi P. Morton --
1885: Korea: Execution of revolutionists / George C. Foulk --
1885: The Central American Union: A month of turmoil / H. Remsen Whitehouse, Henry C. Hall --
1885: Conditions in Central Africa / W.P. Tisdel --
1886: End of Arab power in East Africa / E.D. Ropes Jr. --
1887: The Trans-Siberian Railroad / Charles Denby Jr. --
1888: The Rothschilds at the Court of Vienna: "A great sensation" / Alexander R. Lawton --
1888: Slavery: Down but not out / DCharles Denby Jr., Thomas J. Jarvis --
1889: The birth of international organizations / Boyd Winchester --
1889: New constitution for Japan: "The most important political event in the history of the Empire" / Richard B. Hubbard --
1889: Revolution in Brazil: "The most remarkable...in history" / Robert Adams Jr. --
1890: A sacred and curious gift from Japan: A rope of human hair / John F. Swift --
1890: Revoution and war in Central America / Lansing B. Mizner --
1890: Conditions in Haiti: "Full of promise" / Frederick Douglass --
1891: Civil war in Chile / Patrick Egan --
1891: A Chinese emperor's daily routine: "More work than any other sovereign" / Charles Denby Jr. --
1892: Famine in Russia: "The distress...can hardly be overstated" / Charles Emory Smith --
1893: Punishment in Persia: Eighteen lashes for insulting an American / Watson R. Sperry --
1893: Hawaii: A U.S. Protectorate / John L. Stevens --
1893: Riots in Peru: Bullet in leg but archies saved / John Hicks --
1894: The Mosquito Reservation: "American to the core" / Lewis Baker --
1894: Troubles in Baghdad / John C. Sundeberg --
t 1894: The Sino-Japanese War / Charles Denby Jr. --
1894: An arrest on the Mexican border / Reuben D. George --
1896: Shah of Persia assassinated / Alexander McDonald.
VI. Emergence of the United States as a world power: 1898-1919. 1898: The Maine / Fitzhugh Lee --
1898: Anti-American riots in Spain / R.M. Bartleman --
1898: The Battle of Manila Bay / Oscar F. Williams --
1898-1900: The great gold rush / James C. McCook --
1900: The Boer War: "The Afrikander...is to be the ruling race of South Africa" / W. Stanly Hollis --
1900: The Boxer Rebellion: The siege at Peking / Edwin H. Conger --
1901: End of an era: The death of Queen Victoria / Joseph H. Choate --
1901: Greece: Rioting against a vulgar Bible / Charles S. Francis --
1901: First Nobel prizes / William W. Thomas Jr. --
1902: Universal suffrage riots in Belgium / Lawrence Townsend --
1902: Establishing the Rhodes scholarship / Joseph H. Choate --
1903: Lawlessness in Lebanon: "Beirut is unsafe" / G. Bie Ravndal --
1904: Kurdish outlaws: "Love of blood and pillage" / Richmond Pearson --
1906: Unrest in Moscow / Samuel Smith --
1906: A Nobel Prize for President Roosevelt / Herbert H.D. Pierce --
1908: Atrocities in the Congo / James A. Smith --
1908: Constitutional government in Turkey / John G.A. Leishman --
1914-1917: Crisis with Mexico / William W. Canada, Philip C. Hanna, William Blocker --
1914: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand / Frederic Courtland Penfield --
1914: Europe on the brink of war / James W. Gerard, Frederic Courtland Penfield, Myron Timothy Herrick, Walter Hines Page, Huntington Wilson --
1914: Germany victorious / Brand Whitlock, Walter Hines Page, James W. Gerard --
1915: The political process in Haiti / Arthur Bailly-Blanchard, Robert Beale Davis Jr. --
1915: Human shields at Gallipoli / Henry Morgenthau --
1915: Armenian genocide / Henry Morgenthau --
1915: An ambassador's observation: "The whole German people is dangerously mad" / James W. Gerard --
1917: The Zimmerman telegram / Walter Hines Page --
1917: The Russian Revolution / North Winship.
VII. The world in upheaval: 1920-1945. 1921: Sun Yat-sen elected president of China / Ernest B. Price --
1922: Nicaragua: The U.S. minister quells a revolution / John Edward Ramer --
1923: Earthquake in Japan / Earle R. Dickober --
1925: Revolt in Damascus / James Hugh Keeley --
1927: Besieged by a Chinese mob / John Van A. MacMurray --
1927: The Kellogg-Briand Pact: A protocol to outlaw war / Sheldon Whitehouse --
1930: An early Nazi victory: Banning a movie / Frederic Mosley Sackett --
1931: Views on Japan's invasion of Manchuria / Nelson T. Johnson --
1932: Communist uprising in El Salvador / William J. McCafferty --
1933: The Reichstag fire: The Nazi ascent to power / Frederic Mosley Sackett --
1933, 1934: The National Socialist German Workers' Party: Seeking to dominate the globe / Douglas Miller --
1933: Batista seizes power in Cuba / Benjamin Sumner Welles --
1934: Establishing relations with the Soviet Union / William C. Bullitt --
1934: Nazis assassinate the Austrian chancellor / George S. Messersmith --
1936: The Italian invasion of Ethiopia / Cornelius Van H. Engert --
1936, 1938: The Spanish Civil War / Herschel V. Johnson, Claude G. Bowers --
1940: Great Britain on the verge of defeat / Joseph P. Kennedy --
1940: The fall of France / William C. Bullitt --
1941: Early warning of Pearl Harbor / Joseph C. Grew --
1942: Gandhi and civil disobedience / George R. Merrell --
1945: Suing for peace / Herschel V. Johnson.
VIII. The Cold War: 1946-1964. 1946: Progress in Honduras / John D. Erwin --
1946: Revolution in Bolivia: Chance for democracy / Joseph Flack --
1948: Churchill on the Soviets: "Raze their cities" / Lewis Williams Douglas --
1948: The birth of Israel / Thomas C. Wasson, William C. Burdett, John J. Macdonald --
1948: The Berlin airlift / Robert Daniel Murhpy --
1949: China goes Communist / John Leighton Stuart, John Moors Cabot, Edmund Clubb --
1949: Indonesian independence / Stephen Chapin --
1950: Tito comments on his revolution / George V. Allen --
1950: The Perón regime: "One of the most dramatic...experiments in the history of the world" / Stanton Griffis --
1950: Riots in South Africa / Bernard C. Connelly --
1950: The Korean War / John J. Muccio --
1951: Establishing a mission in Kuwait / Enoch S. Duncan --
1953: The Mau Mau Revolt / Edmund J. Dorsz --
1954: Dien Bien Phu: The French defeated in Vietnam / Robert McClintock --
1955: Two views of the Chinese communists / Winthrop W. Aldrich, John Foster Dulles --
1955: Military tensions in China / Karl L. Rankin --
1956: The Suez crisis / Edward B. Lawson, Raymond A. Hare --
1956: The Hungarian uprising / Edward T. Wailes --
1957: Sputnik / Llewellyn E. Thompson Jr. --
1959-1960: Castro and Communism in Cuba / Daniel M. Braddock, Philip W. Bonsal --
1961: The Berlin Wall / Edwin A. Lightner Jr. --
1961: Vietnam: A "powder keg" / W. Averell Harriman --
1963: Fomenting a coup d' état in Vietnam / Henry Cabot Lodge --
The Gulf of Tonkin incident / Maxwell D. Taylor.
