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"During World War II, women scientists responded to urgent calls for their participation in the war effort. However, the war produced few long-term gains in the percentage of women in the sciences or in their overall professional standing. In this book, Jordynn Jack argues that it was the very language of science -- the discourses and genres of scientific communication -- that helped to limit women's progress in science even as it provided opportunities...
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"American religion, Steven Goldberg claims, has fallen into a trap. Just at the moment when it has amassed the political strength and won the legal right to participate effectively in public debate, it has lost its distinctive voice. Instead of speaking of human values, goals, and limits, it speaks in the language of science." "Discussing the most recent and pressing collisions between science and religion--such as the medicinal benefits of prayer,...
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In the face of radically new ways of waging war, Brian Linn surveys the past assumptions--and errors--that underlie the army's many visions of warfare up to the present day. He explores the army's forgotten heritage of deterrence, its long experience with counter-guerrilla operations, and its successive efforts to transform itself. Distinguishing three martial traditions--each with its own concept of warfare, its own strategic views, and its own excuses...
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"This intensely interesting-and troubling-book is the product of a lifetime of reflection and study of democracy. In it, John Lukacs addresses the questions of how our democracy has changed and why we have become vulnerable to the shallowest possible demagoguery. Lukacs contrasts the political systems, movements, and ideologies that have bedeviled the twentieth century: democracy, Liberalism, nationalism, fascism, Bolshevism, National Socialism, populism....
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"American Science in an Age of Anxiety is the first major study of American scientists' encounters with Cold War anticommunism in the decade after World War II. Through the extensive use of archival sources - including recently released FBI files - as well as published primary and secondary sources, Jessica Wang demonstrates the stifling effects of anticommunist ideology on the postwar politics of science. By examining cases of individual scientists...
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"When physicist Robert Goddard, whose career was inspired by H.G. Wells's War of the Worlds, published "A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes," the response was electric. Newspaper headlines across the country announced, "Modern Jules Verne Invents Rocket to Reach Moon," while people from around the world, including two World War I pilots, volunteered as pioneers in space exploration. Though premature (Goddard's rocket, alas, was only imagined),...
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This first study of Darwin's influence on one of America's most popular authors covers the entire range of John Steinbeck's works from Cup of Gold (1929) to America and Americans (1966). Examining both the fiction and non-fiction works from a Darwinian viewpoint, Dr. Railsback demonstrates Steinbeck's careful dramatization of the human as animal - the signature conception of a Nobel Prize-winning author. Parallel Expeditions explores how Darwin and...
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This is the first book-length study of the rich fiction that has emerged from the AIDS crisis. Examining first the ways in which scientific discourse on AIDS has reflected ideologies of gender and sexuality-such as the construction of AIDS as a disease of gay men, part of a battle over masculinity, and thus largely excluding women with AIDS from public attention-the book considers how such discourses have shaped narrative understandings of AIDS. On...
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In this intriguing new work, James Gilbert examines the historical confrontation between modern science and religion as these disparate, sometimes hostile modes of thought have clashed in the arena of American culture. Beginning in 1925 with the infamous Scopes trial, Gilbert traces nearly forty years of competing American attitudes toward science and religion. From Harvard intellectuals to Hollywood, from UFOs to the USAF, from sci-fi thrillers to...
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During the first half of the twentieth century, supporters of the eugenics movement offered an image of a racially transformed America by curtailing the reproduction of "unfit" members of society. Through institutionalization, compulsory sterilization, the restriction of immigration and marriages, and other methods, eugenicists promised to improve the population - a policy agenda that was embraced by many leading intellectuals and public figures....
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"In the early 1960s, American conservatives seemed to have fallen on hard times. McCarthyism was on the run, and movements on the political left were grabbing headlines. The media lampooned John Birchers' accusations that Dwight Eisenhower was a communist puppet. Mainstream America snickered at warnings by California Congressman James B. Utt that "barefooted Africans" were training in Georgia to help the United Nations take over the country. Yet,...
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