WETLAND DEFINITIONS: Shaler's wetland definition (1890) -- Recent scientific definitions -- Regulatory definitions -- Field application of wetland definitions -- WETLAND CONCEPTS FOR IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION: How wet is a wetland? -- The significance of "growing season" for defining wetland hydrology -- Are all wetlands at least periodically anaerobic, reduced environments? -- What are common types of wetland hydrology? -- Are wetlands ecotones? -- Do wetlands really become dryland? -- Are some wetlands ephemeral cyclical features on the landscape? -- PLANT INDICATORS OF WETLANDS AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS: Environmental changes due to flooding and waterlogging -- Plant adaptations to flooding and waterlogging -- Wetland plants- hydrophytes -- Using plants to identify wetlands -- Using plants to predict environmental conditions in wetlands -- Useful guides for identifying wetland plants -- VEGETATION SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS FOR WETLANDS: Stand identification -- Locating sample areas -- Timing of sampling -- Sampling strata -- Sampling variables -- Basic vegetation sampling techniques -- Exercises in determining the presence of hydrophytic vegetation --
SOIL INDICATORS OF WETLANDS: Basic soil properties
Waterlogging effects on soil properties
Other effects of flooding on soil development
Factors affecting the color of soil
Lists of hydric soils and hydric soil map units
Major categories of hydric soils
Lists of U.S. hydric soil indicators
Hydric soil field indicators in the U.S.
Internationally recognized hydric soil properties
Measuring reduction or soil redox potential
Interpreting soil taxonomy to identify potential hydric soils
WETLAND IDENTIFICATION AND BOUNDARY DELINEATION METHODS: Evolution and use of wetland identification and delineation methods
Differing wetland identification and boundary delineation protocols
Wetland delineation methods
National research council findings and recommendations
PROBLEM WETLANDS AND FIELD SITUATIONS: Problematic wetland plant communities
Hydrologically problematic wetlands
Problematic field conditions
National research council recommendations
WETLAND CLASSIFICATION: Features used to classify wetlands
Early ecological classifications
Wetland classification in the U.S.
Wetland classification in Canada
Other wetland classification systems
WETLANDS OF THE U.S.: AN INTRODUCTION, WITH EMPHASIS ON THEIR PLANT COMMUNITIES: Palustrine wetlands
WETLAND MAPPING AND PHOTOINTERPRETATION: Maps to aid in wetland identification
Wetland photointerpretation.
